Design
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If Discovery is about defining what we want to accomplish, the Design stage is about defining how we accomplish it. This may be the most intense, fluid phase and requires the most creativity, coordination, and inspiration.
For batch applications, a process flow is developed and inputs/outputs are defined. For web and mobile projects, Design includes the creation of both user interface and system designs. User interface design includes developing many prototypes, starting with basic sketches and drafts and progressing to high-fidelity, interactive samples. System designs include the development of process and data flows as well as layout of database and system models. Usually the team divides the overall product into short, manageable features to focus on for each design/test/revise cycle. Prototypes are designed to be quickly developed, shared, and tested — and then scrapped or refined. User testing is especially helpful in validating and adding to the set of user requirements, and identifying what works and doesn’t early, while there is time to adjust. This is also a time to discuss the technical viability of all designs and approaches.
Design and ideation should be collaborative and user-centered, with a focus on developing options that are functional but also engaging and easy to learn.
Project activities
- Sketch and refine page and application layouts (low-fidelity to high-fidelity, interactive versions)
- Database design & modeling, table and other db object creation
- Define information architecture & navigation
- User and stakeholder testing (usability tests, tree tests, 5-second tests, A/B tests)
- Visual design
- Database & query design
- Content development
- Create process flow diagram
- Validate against user and business needs
- Agree on technical workings and structure
- Anticipate accessibility and usability issues
- Prioritize features
- Update project expectations and scope
Deliverables and outcomes
- Wireframes, site flows, user flows, and site maps
- Annotated storyboards
- User stories, scenarios, and personas
- Visual design, visual assets, text content, and interface specifications
- System design document
- Updated project spec